中文العربية

ArabLaw Guide

Curated Arabic Legal Cases & Precedents

Mauritania Supreme Court: Conflict Between Customary Land Holdings and Registered Title under the 2023 Land Code (2024)

2026-08-20 · Mauritania · Land Law & Customary Tenure

Mauritania's Supreme Court (Cour Suprême) held that customary occupants of agricultural land in the Senegal River valley who have farmed the land peaceably and publicly for more than ten years acquire an opposable real property right, that the 2023 Land Code's general registration requirement does not extinguish unregistered customary rights that pre-date the registration, and that the burden of inquiry falls on the purchaser of registered title.

Land LawCustomary TenureLand RegistrationReal PropertyMauritania

Palestine Court of Cassation: Validity of Electronic Contracts and the Consumer's Right of Withdrawal in Distance Selling (2024)

2026-08-19 · Palestine · E-Commerce & Consumer Protection Law

Palestine's Court of Cassation held that a distance sale concluded through an electronic platform is a valid and binding contract where consent is established by authenticated electronic records, and that the statutory cooling-off right of withdrawal under the Consumer Protection Law applies to online distance sales; a merchant's terms excluding that right are void, and the merchant bears the burden of proving conforming delivery.

E-CommerceConsumer ProtectionElectronic ContractsPalestine

Yemen Supreme Court: Duty of Utmost Good Faith and Material Non-Disclosure in Marine Cargo Insurance (2024)

2026-08-18 · Yemen · Insurance & Maritime Law

Yemen's Supreme Court held that marine cargo insurance is a contract of the utmost good faith (uberrimae fidei) under the Yemeni Commercial Code and Insurance Law, obliging the insured to disclose every fact material to the risk; material non-disclosure — even if innocent — entitles the insurer to avoid the policy, while the burden of proving materiality rests on the insurer and the right to avoid is lost by affirmation or acceptance of premium.

Insurance LawUtmost Good FaithMarine CargoYemen

Libya Supreme Court: Force Majeure and Exceptional Circumstances in Construction Contracts During Armed Conflict (2024)

2026-08-17 · Libya · Construction & Contract Law

Libya's Supreme Court held that armed conflict rendering construction works impossible constitutes force majeure under the Libyan Civil Code, releasing the contractor from delay penalties and suspending the contract, while the doctrine of exceptional circumstances permits the judge to rebalance the contract for escalated post-conflict costs — distinguishing the two doctrines and their distinct remedies.

Construction LawForce MajeureContractsLibya

Syria Court of Cassation: Unjustified Termination of a Commercial Agency and the Local Agent's Right to Compensation Under Legislative Decree No. 151 of 2008 (2024)

2026-08-16 · Syria · Commercial Agency & Distribution Law

Syria's Court of Cassation held that the Commercial Agency Law (Legislative Decree No. 151 of 2008) is a matter of public order; a foreign principal may terminate a registered commercial agency only for just cause, and unjustified termination entitles the Syrian agent to compensation for lost profit, client base, and unrecovered investment — notwithstanding a notice clause, foreign-law clause, or arbitration agreement.

Commercial AgencyDistribution LawContractsSyria

Sudan Supreme Court: Recovery of Deferred-Price Profit Under a Murabaha Financing Agreement Upon Early Termination (2024)

2026-08-15 · Sudan · Islamic Finance & Banking Law

Sudan's Supreme Court held that an Islamic bank may not recover the full unearned deferred-price profit under a Murabaha facility when the agreement is terminated early on default; the bank is limited to the outstanding cost price, accrued profit, and proven actual loss — recovery of profit for unexpired time would amount to riba.

Islamic FinanceBanking LawMurabahaSudan

Iraq Federal Supreme Court: Constitutionality of Federal Budget Oil-Revenue Provisions and Kurdistan Region Exports (2024)

2026-08-14 · Iraq · Constitutional & Oil & Gas Law

Iraq's Federal Supreme Court upheld budget provisions conditioning transfers to the Kurdistan Region on the handover of oil and non-oil revenues, while striking down unilateral amendments to the Region's share — a landmark ruling on Articles 110, 111 and 112 of the 2005 Constitution and the division of petroleum powers between Baghdad and Erbil.

Constitutional LawOil & GasFederalismIraq

Lebanon Court of Cassation: Ranking of Maritime Liens and Ship Mortgage in Judicial Sale — Crew Wage Claims v. Registered Mortgagee (2024)

2026-08-13 · Lebanon · Maritime & Admiralty Law

Lebanon's Court of Cassation held that seafarers' wage claims for the last voyage rank ahead of a registered ship mortgage in the distribution of proceeds from a judicial sale, reaffirming the super-priority of maritime liens for crew wages under the Lebanese Maritime Code and the Brussels 1926 Convention.

Maritime LawShip ArrestMaritime LiensLebanon

Algeria Council of State: Annulment of Public Procurement Award — Bid Rigging and Transparency in Desalination Tender (2024)

2026-08-12 · Algeria · Public Procurement & Administrative Law

Algeria's Council of State annulled a DZD 42 billion desalination plant procurement award, finding systematic irregularities in bid evaluation and establishing that judicial review extends to the substantive fairness of the evaluation process — a landmark ruling for public procurement litigation in North Africa.

Public ProcurementAdministrative LawJudicial ReviewAlgeria

Tunisia Court of Cassation: Well-Known Trademark Protection and Unfair Competition — French Luxury Goods v. Tunisian Parallel Manufacturer (2024)

2026-08-11 · Tunisia · Intellectual Property Law

Tunisia's Court of Cassation ruled that well-known foreign trademarks enjoy protection under Tunisian law even without local registration, and that trade dress imitation in the luxury goods sector constitutes unfair competition — a landmark IP ruling aligning Tunisia with its TRIPS obligations.

Intellectual PropertyTrademark LawUnfair CompetitionTunisia

Morocco Court of Cassation: Competition Council's First Merger Prohibition — Telecom Sector Consolidation (2024)

2026-08-10 · Morocco · Competition & Antitrust Law

Morocco's Court of Cassation upheld the Competition Council's first merger prohibition, blocking the acquisition of a regional fixed-line and fiber operator by the telecom incumbent. The landmark ruling establishes judicial deference to independent regulatory expertise and defines the 'substantial lessening of competition' standard under Law No. 104-12 in the Moroccan market.

Competition LawMerger ControlTelecomMorocco

Jordan Court of Cassation: First Ruling Under the Personal Data Protection Law — Employee Monitoring and Consent (2024)

2026-08-09 · Jordan · Data Protection & Privacy Law

Jordan's Court of Cassation handed down the first appellate ruling interpreting the Personal Data Protection Law No. 28 of 2023, holding that continuous GPS tracking of employees without specific, granular consent violates the PDPL. The landmark decision establishes that blanket employment contract clauses cannot substitute for informed consent under Jordanian data protection law.

Data ProtectionEmployment LawPrivacyJordan

Oman Supreme Court: Fraud Exception to Demand Guarantees in Construction Dispute (2024)

2026-08-08 · Oman · Banking & Finance Law

Oman's highest court unanimously ruled that banks may refuse payment under autonomous demand guarantees where the beneficiary's call is clearly and manifestly fraudulent, setting a landmark precedent for construction performance bond disputes in the Gulf. The decision aligns Omani law with the United City Merchants standard.

Banking LawDemand GuaranteesConstruction LawOman

Bahrain Court of Cassation: Piercing the Corporate Veil in Family Business Dispute (2024)

2026-08-07 · Bahrain · Corporate Law

Bahrain's highest court pierced the corporate veil of a family holding company for the first time in a published judgment, holding shareholders jointly liable for BHD 4.7 million in debts. The ruling establishes a three-part test for veil piercing under Bahraini commercial law.

Corporate LawVeil PiercingFamily BusinessBahrain

Saudi Commercial Court: Breach of International Supply Contract (2024)

2026-08-07 · Saudi Arabia · Commercial Law

The Riyadh Commercial Court ruled on a complex cross-border supply contract dispute involving a German manufacturer and Saudi distributor. The judgment clarifies force majeure provisions under Saudi commercial law and sets important precedent for international trade disputes in the Kingdom.

Commercial LawContractsInternational TradeSaudi Arabia

DIFC Court: Unlawful Termination and End-of-Service Benefits (2024)

2026-08-06 · UAE · Employment Law

The Dubai International Financial Centre Court handed down a significant ruling on constructive dismissal and the calculation of end-of-service gratuity. The case highlights the distinction between DIFC employment law and UAE federal labor law.

Employment LawDIFCUAE

Qatar International Court: Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Award (2024)

2026-08-05 · Qatar · Arbitration

The Qatar International Court enforced a London-seated ICC arbitral award against a Qatari state-owned entity, providing important guidance on public policy exceptions under the New York Convention in the Gulf context.

ArbitrationNew York ConventionQatar

Kuwait Constitutional Court: Media Law and Freedom of Expression (2024)

2026-08-04 · Kuwait · Constitutional Law

Kuwait's Constitutional Court struck down several provisions of the 2023 Media Regulation Law as unconstitutional, reaffirming constitutional protections for press freedom while upholding content restrictions related to national security.

Constitutional LawMedia LawKuwait

Egyptian Court of Cassation: Islamic Inheritance and Corporate Assets (2024)

2026-08-03 · Egypt · Family Law

Egypt's highest civil court addressed the complex intersection of Islamic inheritance rules and modern corporate structures, ruling on whether LLC shares constitute inheritable personal property under Egyptian civil code.

Family LawInheritanceCorporate LawEgypt